Normality assessment of caudate nucleus (CN) morphometric data. Q–Q plots for the four measured CN dimensions—right length (top left), right width (top right), left length (bottom left), and left width (bottom right). Each plot compares observed values to theoretical quantiles of a normal distribution. Systematic deviations from the red reference line, especially in the tails, reflect non-normality in all distributions.

 
 
  Part of: Yousufzai S, Radmard S, Khandani Y, Zareifard N, Jafari SH, Yousefi R, Piagkou M, Triantafyllou G, Karimi F (2026) Sex and age effects on caudate nucleus size: implications for neurosurgery and neurodegenerative biomarkers. Folia Medica 68(3): e180527. https://doi.org/10.3897/folmed.68.e180527